近日,華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)果蔬園藝作物種質(zhì)創(chuàng)新與利用全國重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室、湖北洪山實(shí)驗(yàn)室劉繼紅教授團(tuán)隊在Plant Biotechnology Journal雜志上發(fā)表了題為“The Transcription Factors NFYA1 and GBF3 Jointly Regulate CHS2 to Promote Tangeretin Accumulation and Cold Tolerance in Citrus”的研究論文。該研究揭示了桔皮素(tangeretin)在柑橘抗寒響應(yīng)中的重要作用,并探明了一個由CiNFYA1-CiGBF3-CiCHS2共同構(gòu)成的關(guān)鍵轉(zhuǎn)錄調(diào)控模塊,該模塊通過協(xié)同激活桔皮素的生物合成顯著增強(qiáng)柑橘耐寒性。
柑橘是世界第一大類水果,同時也是我國南方最為重要的果樹作物之一,在農(nóng)產(chǎn)品經(jīng)濟(jì)中占據(jù)關(guān)鍵地位。由于其喜溫畏寒的生物學(xué)特性,低溫脅迫嚴(yán)重制約柑橘產(chǎn)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,因此發(fā)掘抗寒遺傳資源并闡明其分子機(jī)制,對抗寒新種質(zhì)培育具有重要實(shí)踐意義。宜昌橙(Citrus ichangenesis)作為柑橘屬中具有突出耐寒性的野生資源,為挖掘抗寒相關(guān)基因及代謝物提供了理想材料。
類黃酮是一類廣泛參與植物逆境應(yīng)答的保護(hù)性化合物,在活性氧清除和細(xì)胞膜穩(wěn)定性維持中發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用。桔皮素(4′,5,6,7,8-五甲氧基黃酮)作為類黃酮衍生物,雖在藥用與營養(yǎng)領(lǐng)域價值顯著,但其在植物抗逆生理中的功能機(jī)制尚未明確。查爾酮合成酶(CHS,chalcone synthase)是類黃酮生物合成途徑中的限速酶,通過介導(dǎo)各種類黃酮產(chǎn)物合成參與多種非生物脅迫響應(yīng)。除經(jīng)典的MYB-bHLH-WD40(MBW)轉(zhuǎn)錄復(fù)合體外,已有研究表明WRKY、bZIP和NAC等其他轉(zhuǎn)錄因子也可通過MBW依賴或非依賴途徑調(diào)控類黃酮合成,進(jìn)而參與植物生長發(fā)育和逆境適應(yīng)。劉繼紅教授團(tuán)隊前期研究發(fā)現(xiàn),與低溫敏感型柑橘材料HB柚相比,抗寒柑橘資源宜昌橙中桔皮素在低溫脅迫下顯著積累,其相關(guān)的合成基因CiCHS2受低溫強(qiáng)烈的誘導(dǎo)表達(dá),然而在低溫脅迫下桔皮素的合成調(diào)控機(jī)制仍知之甚少。
團(tuán)隊通過外源桔皮素處理證實(shí)了該物質(zhì)可通過減輕氧化損傷有效增強(qiáng)柑橘耐寒性,并驗(yàn)證了CiCHS2通過調(diào)控桔皮素的生物合成,在耐寒性調(diào)控中發(fā)揮了積極作用。隨后,為解析CiCHS2的轉(zhuǎn)錄調(diào)控機(jī)制,團(tuán)隊通過酵母單雜交篩選體系,從低溫處理的宜昌橙cDNA文庫中鑒定出兩個轉(zhuǎn)錄因子:CiNFYA1(NF-Y家族)和CiGBF3(bZIP家族)。Y1H、EMSA、ChIP-qPCR和LUC等實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了CiNFYA1和CiGBF3可分別特異性結(jié)合CiCHS2啟動子中的CCAAT和G-box作用元件來激活CiCHS2的轉(zhuǎn)錄表達(dá)。同時,轉(zhuǎn)基因?qū)嶒?yàn)表明CiNFYA1和CiGBF3通過調(diào)控CiCHS2表達(dá)和桔皮素合成積累從而增強(qiáng)宜昌橙抗寒性。此外,研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)CiNFYA1還可直接結(jié)合CiGBF3啟動子調(diào)控其表達(dá),并與之發(fā)生蛋白互作,進(jìn)一步協(xié)同強(qiáng)化CiCHS2的轉(zhuǎn)錄激活。
該研究首次揭示了一個由CiNFYA1–CiGBF3–CiCHS2組成的分級調(diào)控模塊在柑橘低溫脅迫響應(yīng)中的重要作用,為解析類黃酮介導(dǎo)的植物耐寒機(jī)制提供了新視角,也為作物抗逆分子育種提供了潛在靶點(diǎn)與理論依據(jù)。
我校園藝林學(xué)學(xué)院劉繼紅教授為該論文通訊作者,已畢業(yè)的肖鵬博士為該論文第一作者,李春龍教授為本研究提供了指導(dǎo)和幫助。相關(guān)研究依托華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)果蔬園藝作物種質(zhì)創(chuàng)新與利用全國重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室平臺,得到了國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計劃項(xiàng)目、國家自然科學(xué)基金和江蘇省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計劃項(xiàng)目等資助。
論文鏈接:https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pbi.70371
英文摘要:
Tangeretin has been known as a polymethoxylated flavone conferring both phytoprotection and nutraceutical value, but cryoprotective roles and molecular regulation of tangeretin under abiotic stresses remain largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that cold treatment led to greater accumulation of tangeretin and up-regulation of Chalcone Synthase 2 (CiCHS2) in Ichang papeda (Citrus ichangensis), a cold-hardy citrus species, relative to cold-sensitive genotype. CiCHS2, localized in endoplasmic reticulum, was shown to function in cold tolerance by modulating tangeretin synthesis. We revealed that the transcription factors CiNFYA1 and CiGBF3 act as transcriptional activators of CiCHS2 by interacting with CCAAT and G-box (CACGTG) element, respectively, in the gene promoter. Furthermore, CiNFYA1 could regulate CiGBF3 by binding to the gene promoter. In addition, CiNFYA1 physically interacted with CiGBF3, and the resulting protein complex further promoted transactivation of CiCHS2. Moreover, CiNFYA1 and CiGBF3 were demonstrated to play a positive role in modulation of cold tolerance by regulating CHS2-mediated tangeretin accumulation. Taken together, our findings unravel a hierarchical regulatory network wherein CiNFYA1-CiGBF3 cooperatively activated CiCHS2-dependent tangeretin biosynthesis in response to cold stress. These results advance our understanding on molecular regulation of tangeretin accumulation under cold stress and provide valuable targets for engineering cold-tolerant crops through metabolic engineering.
